Basic Questions

What? /Cheh /چی؟
where? /Co-jah /کخا؟
How? /che-tor/چطور؟
When? /kay? /کی؟
Who? /key? /کی؟
How Much? /chand? /چذر؟
Why? /chair-a(h) /چرا؟

simple present tense - interrogative

Put ايا /a:ya:/ in the beginning of sentences.

He goes = او مي رود /u: miravad/
Does he go? = ايا مي رود؟ /a:ya: u: miravad/

Note: you may simply delete the subject.

see 67

simple present tense (Can, Use, accept with sentences)

Can = توانستن /tava:nestan/
I can = من مي توانم /man mitava:nam/
I cannot = من نمي توانم /man nemitava:nam/

To use = استفاده كردن /estefa:deh kardan/
I use = من استفاده مي كنم /man estefa:deh mikonam/
I don't use =من استفاده نمي كنم /man estefa:deh nemikonam/
To use something = از... استفاده كردن /az ... estefa:deh kardan/

To accept = قبول كردن /ghabu:l kardan/
I accept = من قبول مي كنم /man ghabu:l mikonam/
I don't accept = من قبول نمي كنم /man ghabu:l nemikonam/
I cannot accept = من نمي توانم قبول كنم /man nemitava:nam ghabu:l konam/
To accept something = ... را قبول كردن /... ra: ghabu:l kardan/

Example sentences:
I don't use the telephone. . من از تلفن استقاده نمي كنم
I cannot accept it. من نمي توانم ان را قبول كنم
They cannot accept it. انها نمي توانند ان را قبول كنند

Simple present tense: imperative root (other)

To read = خواندن /kha:ndan/
Read! = خوان /kha:n/
I read = مي خوانم /mi kha:nam/

To sleep = خوابيدن /kha:bidan/
I sleep = مي خوابم /mikha:bam/

To wash = شستن /shostan/
Wash! = شوي /shoi/
I wash = مي شويم
You wash = مي شويي

To work = كاركردن /ka:r kardan/
I work = كارمي كنم /ka:r mikonam/

To take = گرفتن /gereftan/
Take! =
I take =

To see = ديدن /didan/
See! =

Simple present tense: imperative root (C,D)

To catch = گرفتن /gereftan/
Catch! = گير/gir/
I catch = مي گيرم /migiram/
You catch = مي گيري /migiri/

To choose = انتخاب كردن /entekha:b kardan/
Choose! = انتخاب كن /entekha:b kon/
I choose = انتخاب مي كنم /entekha:b mikonam/
You choose = انتخاب مي كني /entekha:b mikoni/

To clean =تميزكردن /tamiz kardan/
I clean = تميز مي كنم /tamiz mikonam/

To come = امدن /a:madan/
Come! = ا/a:/ Or بيا /bi ya:/
I come = مي ايم /mi a:yam/
You come = مي ايي /mi a:i/

To cook = اشپزي كردن /a:sh pazi kardan/

To cut = بريدن /boridan/
Cut! = بر /bor/
I cut = مي برم /mi boram/
You cut = مي بري /mi bori/

To dig = كندن /kandan/
Dig! = كن /kan/
I dig = مي كنم /mi kanam/
You dig = مي كني /mi kani/

Simple present tense: imperative root (B)

To beat = زدن /zadan/
Beat! = زن /zan/
I beat = مي زنم /mizanam/
You beat = مي زني /mizani/
He/she/it beats = مي زند /mizanad/
We beat = مي زنيم /mizanim/
You beat = مي زنيد /mizanid/
They beat = مي زنند /mizanand/


To become = شدن /shodan/
Become! = شو /sho/
I become = مي شوم /mishavam/
You become = مي شوي /mishavi/
He/she/it becomes = مي شود /mishavad/
We become = مي شويم /mishavim/
You become = مي شويد /mishavid/
They become = مي شوند /mishavand/


To break = شكستن /shekastan/
Break! = شكن /shekan/
I break = مي شكنم /mishekanam/
You break = مي شكني /mishekani/


To bring = اوردن /a:vordan/
Bring! = ار /a:r/
I bring = مي اورم /mi a:varam/
You bring = مي اوري /mi a:vari/


To buy = خريدن /kharidan/
Buy! = خر /khar/
I buy = مي خرم /mikharam/
You buy = مي خري /mikhari/

Simple present tense: imperative root (eat)

to eat = خوردن /khordan/
eat = خور /khor/

Put مي /mi/ before خور /khor/, we will have مي خور /mikhor/.
Add suffixes to this.

I eat = مي خورم /mikhoram/
You eat = مي خوري /mikhori/
He/she/it eats = مي خورد /mikhorad/
We eat = مي خوريم /mikhorim/
You eat = مي خوريد /mikhorid/
They eat = مي خورند /mikhorand/

Note: In this example, we don't need to modify the pronunciation since we don't have any other redundant sound like /o/ in رو /ro/.

Simple present tense: imperative root write

see lesson 53

Simple present tense: imperative root (go)

To go = رفتن /raftan/
go = رو /ro/

Firstly, put مي /mi/ before رو /ro/, we will have مي رو /miro/.
Then, add subjective suffixes: م /am/, ي /i:/, د /ad/, يم /im/, يد /id/, ند /and/

I go = مي روم /miro am/, we modified the pronunciation to /miravam/, (same to the following.)You go = مي روي /miravi/
he/she/it goes = مي رود /miravad/
we go = مي رويم /miravim/
you go = مي رويد /miravid/
they go = مي روند /miravand/

simple present tense Kardan

(do) kardan - kon

(go) raftan - rav

(eat) xordan - xor

Present tense is conjugated with the mi prefix and the personal pronoun as the suffix:

mi-kon-am = I do
mi-kon-i = you (singular) do
mi-kon-ad = he/she does
mi-kon-im = We do
mi-kon-id = You (plural) do
mi-kon-and = They do

mi-rav-am = I go
mi-rav-i = you (singular) go
mi-rav-ad = he/she goes
mi-rav-im = We go
mi-rav-id = You (plural) go
mi-rav-and = They go

mi-xor-am = I eat
mi-xor-i = you (singular) eat
mi-xor-ad = he/she eats
mi-xor-im = We eat
mi-xor-id = You (plural) eat
mi-xor-and = They eat